General Information

  • ID:  hor001963
  • Uniprot ID:  P09681
  • Protein name:  Gastric inhibitory polypeptide
  • Gene name:  GIP
  • Organism:  Homo sapiens (Human)
  • Family:  Glucagon family
  • Source:  Human
  • Expression:  NA
  • Disease:  Diseases associated with GIP include Dumping Syndrome and Adenosquamous Bile Duct Carcinoma.
  • Comments:  Used to treat severe hypoglycemia in insulin-dependent diabetics.
  • Taxonomy:  Homo (genus), Homininae (subfamily), Hominidae (family), Hominoidea (superfamily), Catarrhini (parvorder), Simiiformes (infraorder), Haplorrhini (suborder), Primates (order), Euarchontoglires (superorder), Boreoeutheria, Eutheria, Theria, Mammalia (class), Amniota, Tetrapoda, Dipnotetrapodomorpha, Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi, Teleostomi, Gnathostomata, Vertebrata, Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia, Bilateria, Eumetazoa, Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta, Eukaryota (superkingdom), cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0005102 signaling receptor binding; GO:0005179 hormone activity; GO:0005515 protein binding; GO:0031767 gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor binding; GO:0031769 glucagon receptor binding; GO:0048018 receptor ligand activity
  • GO BP:  GO:0007165 signal transduction; GO:0007189 adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; GO:0007565 female pregnancy; GO:0007613 memory; GO:0008344 adult locomotory behavior; GO:0009410 response to xenobiotic stimulus; GO:0009743 response to carbohydrate; GO:0009749 response to glucose; GO:0010269 response to selenium ion; GO:0010447 response to acidic pH; GO:0010828 positive regulation of glucose transmembrane transport; GO:0014070 response to organic cyclic compound; GO:0019233 sensory perception of pain; GO:0031018 endocrine pancreas development; GO:0031667 response to nutrient levels; GO:0032024 positive regulation of insulin secretion; GO:0033993 response to lipid; GO:0035640 exploration behavior; GO:0038192 gastric inhibitory peptide signaling pathway; GO:0042304 regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process; GO:0042594 response to starvation; GO:0043200 response to amino acid; GO:0043434 response to peptide hormone; GO:0043950 positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling; GO:0048678 response to axon injury; GO:0050796 regulation of insulin secretion; GO:0050806 positive regulation of synaptic transmission; GO:0055123 digestive system development; GO:0060291 long-term synaptic potentiation; GO:0070328 triglyceride homeostasis
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0005615 extracellular space; GO:0005788 endoplasmic reticulum lumen; GO:0034774 secretory granule lumen; GO:0043025 neuronal cell body

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  YAEGTFISDYSIAMDKIHQQDFVNWLLAQKGKKNDWKHNITQ
  • Length:  42
  • Propeptide:  MVATKTFALLLLSLFLAVGLGEKKEGHFSALPSLPVGSHAKVSSPQPRGPRYAEGTFISDYSIAMDKIHQQDFVNWLLAQKGKKNDWKHNITQREARALELASQANRKEEEAVEPQSSPAKNPSDEDLLRDLLIQELLACLLDQTNLCRLRSR
  • Signal peptide:  MVATKTFALLLLSLFLAVGLG
  • Modification:  NA
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  Potent stimulator of insulin secretion and relatively poor inhibitor of gastric acid secretion.
  • Mechanism:  NA
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  GIPR
  • Target Unid:  P48546
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: cAMP EC50=21.8±1.5nM ( PubMed ID: 15012592 )
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: 6 hours; /21600 seconds ( PubMed ID: 15012592 )

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  NA
  • Structure ID:  2l70(PDB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    2l70.pdbhor001963_AF2.pdbhor001963_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 571512 Formula: C226H338N60O66S
Absent amino acids: CPR Common amino acids: K
pI: 7.69 Basic residues: 7
Polar residues: 11 Hydrophobic residues: 14
Hydrophobicity: -79.52 Boman Index: -7922
Half-Life: 2.8 hour Half-Life Yeast: 10 min
Half-Life E.Coli: 2 min Aliphatic Index 69.76
Instability Index: 3331.9 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 13980
Absorbance 280nm: 340.98

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  6745415##15012592
  • Title:  The isolation and sequencing of human gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP).